Casting is the manufacturing process of pouring molten metal liquid into the mold, cooling and condensing to obtain the required shape and function of parts. Casting is a commonly used manufacturing method,

‘S strengths are: low manufacturing cost, high process sensitivity, ability to obtain messy shapes and large castings, and it occupies a large proportion in mechanical manufacturing, such as machine tools account for 60 to 80%, cars account for 25% and tractors account for 50 to 60%.

Castings is an ancient manufacturing method that can be traced back to 6000 years ago in our country. With the development of industrial skills, the quality of casting large castings directly affects the quality of products. Therefore, casting occupies an important position in the machinery manufacturing industry. The development of casting skills is also very agile, especially in the late 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, showing many new casting methods, such as low-pressure casting, ceramic casting, continuous casting, etc., were perfected and useful in the second half of the 20th century .
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Due to the progress in the requirements of casting quality, casting precision, casting cost and casting automation, casting skills are being developed in the direction of refinement, large-scale, high quality, automation and cleanliness. Agile in casting skills, special casting skills, foundry automation, and foundry imitation skills.

The primary castings machining includes: metal smelting, model making, casting, condensation and mold release finishing. The primary materials for casting are cast steel, cast iron, and cast nonferrous alloys (copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, etc.).

The casting process can be divided into gravity casting, pressure casting and sand casting.

Casting methods are commonly used sand casting, followed by special casting methods, such as: metal casting, investment casting, gypsum casting and so on. And sand casting can be divided into clay sand casting, organic binder sand casting, resin self-hardening sand casting, lost foam casting and so on.

Gravity casting refers to the process in which the molten metal is injected into the mold under the effect of the earth’s gravity, also known as casting. Gravity casting in a broad sense includes sand casting, metal casting, investment casting, mud casting, etc .; narrow sense gravity casting refers specifically to metal casting.

Pressure casting refers to the process in which the molten metal is injected into the mold under the effect of other external forces (excluding gravity). The broad sense of pressure casting includes pressure casting and low pressure casting, centrifugal casting, etc. of the die casting machine; the narrow sense of pressure castings refers to the metal type pressure casting of the die casting machine, referred to as die casting. These types of casting processes are now the most commonly used in nonferrous metal casting, and are also the cheapest.

Sand casting is a traditional casting process that uses sand as the primary modeling material to make castings.